Appetizers and Lessons for Mathematics & Reason Français: 26 pages
A 1100+ page site with math-free logic chapters and wordy algebra chapters.
For comprehension, study site chapters and steps. Go beyond rote learning.

Logic mastery strengthens comprehension and so improves home, work & study abilities .
Logic 5 Chapters Arithmetic 10 Steps Algebra 12 Starter Steps & 5 Advanced Steps
Work & Study 23 Tips Geometry 15 Steps Calculus 70 Lessons

Ages 15+: Why study slopes Polynomials Quadratics Why factor polynomials Logarithms Functions
What is similarity Euclidean geometry leanly Coordinates + complex no.s Vectors DC Electric Circuits

Ages 14+: Prime factorization Written work formats Decimal place value Extend arithmetic skills orally
What is a variable 5 fraction operations by raising terms Solving Linear Equations: Take I Take II

Online Volumes: 1 - Elements of Reason, 2 - 3 Skills For Algebra, 3 - Why Slopes and
More Math
, 1A - Pattern Based Reason, 1B - Skill Development Principles + Troubles
Forewords + leading chapters give original reasons, still valid, for site content & growth.

Site Review: Mathphobics, this site may ease your fears of the subject, perhaps even help you njoy it. ... unintimidating, sometimes funny and very clear. ... . Read all. Continue with Volume 2, Three Skill for Algebra.

Site Review. Math resources ... span ... arithmetic, logic, algebra, calculus, complex numbers, and Euclidean geometry. Lessons and how-tos .... provide a good foundation ... Read all. See site books as well.

Teachers & Tutors: Site material uniquely explains common troubles in terms of steps too large or missing. Plus, this December 2011, 5-phase framework offers a context for mathematics & logic education. Phases 1 to 3 may focus on skills with actual or potential local value for adult & daily life. College-oriented phases 5 & 4 focus on calculus & preparation for it. Phases 1 to 4 may also serve trades & professions not dependent on calculus.

Location: Site Entrance < Arithmetic and Number Theory Skills << 4 Remainder Arithmetic and Divisibility


4 Remainder Arithmetic and Divisibility

     1 Remainder Arithmetic Modulo 10
     2 Remainder Arithmetic Modulo 10 more
     3 Remainder Arithmetic Modulos 10 more still
     4 Remainder Arithmetic Modulo 10 in general
     5 Remainder Arithmetic Modulo 5
     6 Remainder Arithmetic Modulo 5 Properties
     7 Remainder Arithmetic Modulo 5 Examples I
     8 Remainder Arithmetic Morulo 5 Examples II
     9 Remainder Arithmetic Divisibility by 5
     10 Remainder Arithmetic Long Division by 5 Quickly
     11 Remainder Arithmetic Long Division by 5 Quickly more
     12 Remainder Arithmetic Modulo 10 Example
     13 Remainder Arithmetic Modulo 5 Example
     14 Remainder Arithmetic Modulo 9 Example
     15 Remainder Arithmetic Modulo 9 Example
     16 Remainder Arithmetic Modulo 9 Example 2
     17 Remainder Arithmetic Rule of 9 for checking sums I
     18 Remainder Arithmetic Rule of 9 for checking sums II
     19 Remainder Arithmetic Rule of 9 for checking sums III
     20 Remainder Arithmetic Rule of 9 for checking sums IV
     21 Remainder Arithmetic Modulo 3
     22 Remainder Arithmetic Modulo 3 more
     23 Remainder Arithmetic Modulo 2
     24 Divisibility Tests for 2 3 5 9 10
     25 Divisibility Tests for 2 3 5 9 10 Examples
     26 Divisibility by 2 3 5 Examples
     27 Divisibility by 2 3 6 5 9 10 Examples
     A Decimals Modular and Remainder Arithmetic

Notes

The following lessons provide a very slow, essentially prealgebraic introduction to remainder arithmetic for modulo 10, 5, 9, 3 and 2 to to explain the origin of divisibility rules for division by 2, 3, 6, 9 and 10. The lessons start with remainder arithmetic modulo 10 as decimals are based on counting in groups or powers of 10.

  1. Remainder Arithmetic Modulo 10 calculates the remainders on division by 10 for two whole numbers 5430 and 253, and then asks what the remaindeer on division by 10 will be for their sums and products.

  2. Remainder Arithmetic Modulo 10 more calculates the remainders on division by 10 for whole numbers 846134 and 25683, and then shows what the remainder on division by 10 will be for their sum.

  3. Remainder Arithmetic Modulo 10 still more calculates the remainders on division by 10 for whole numbers 846134 and 25683, and then shows what the remainder on division by 10 will be for their product

  4. Remainder Arithmetic Modulo 10 in general uses the patterns that arose in the previous lessons or examples to calculate remainders, modulo 10, for many sums and products.

  5. Remainder Arithmetic Modulo 5 calculates the remainders or values, modulo 5, of whole numbers 1 to 10. There-in lies an introduction to Remainder Arithmetic, modulo 5.

  6. Remainder Arithmetic Modulo 5, Properties describes the properties in an algebraic way, and then gives an example to illustrate the product property.

  7. Remainder Arithmetic Modulo 5 Examples I calculates the remainders, modulo 5 for 10, 230, 345, 348 and 347. The remainder for 347 is left as 7, modulo 5. The latter equals 2, modulo 5.

  8. Remainder Arithmetic Modulo 5 Examples II calculates the remainders, modulo 10 for 14583 and from the latter, the remainder modulo 5 for a 14583. The exercise is repeated for 84767 = 7 modulo 10 or 2 modulo 5. The conclusion is that each whole number its last digit modulo 5.

  9. Remainder Arithmetic - Divisibility by 5. The foregoing discussion of remainder arithmetic, modulo 5, sets the stage for recognizing divisibility by 5. There in lies a justification of the divisibility rule - a whole number is divisible by 5 when the last digit of its decimal representation is a 0 or a 5. Note the number nineteen has a decimal numeral representation 19 with a last digit 9, but the Roman numeral or reprsentation is XIX, a representation to which the divisibility rules does not apply.

  10. Remainder Arithmetic - Long Division by 5 Quickly. For each whole number, division by 5 can be done by long - or short - division methods. Here is alternative to both based on the decimal representation of the whole number.

  11. Remainder Arithmetic - Long Division by 5 Quickly more. The alternative in the previous lesson is shown again for another example.


  12. Remainder Arithmetic Modulo 10 Example gives an arithmetic expression 56 + 13×28 and calculates the remainder modulo 10 for it.

  13. Remainder Arithmetic Modulo 5 Example takes t expression 56 + 13×28 and calculates the remainder modulo 5 and modulo 9 for it. This example should be read after the next lesson on Remainder arithmetic, modulo 9.

  14. Remainder Arithmetic Modulo 9 Example . This lesson show 10, 100, 1000 and 10000 all have remainder 1, modulo 9. Then it calculates 8362 modulo 9.

  15. Remainder Arithmetic Modulo 9 Example /b>. Calculate 537, Modulo 9

  16. Remainder Arithmetic Modulo 9 Example 2. Illustration of the sum of digits rule for calculating remainders, modulo 9.

  17. Remainder Arithmetic Rule of 9 for checking sums, Example I illustrated for the sum of 537, 821 and 674.

  18. Remainder Arithmetic Rule of 9 for checking sums, Example II illustrated for the sum of 824, 560, 301 and 24.

  19. Remainder Arithmetic Rule of 9 for checking sums, Example III illustrated for the sum of 421, 321, 567 and 222.

  20. Remainder Arithmetic Rule of 9 for checking sums IV illustrate for sum of 44375 and 82621.

  21. Remainder Arithmetic Modulo 3 shows that 10, 100, 1000 and 10000 are all equal to 1, modulo 3. Then calculates 8432 modulo 3 from its decimal expansion in terms of 10, 100, and 1000 - a sum of digit rule results.

  22. Remainder Arithmetic Modulo 3 more - the question of when is a number a multiple of 3, and if not what is the remainder. Remainder arithmetic calculation, modulo 3, is applied to 4856.

  23. Remainder Arithmetic Modulo 2 calculates remainders on division by 2 for the whole numbers 1 to 10. Then calculates the remainder modulo 2, for whole numbers 3453, 5674, and 47, and arrives at a last digit rule.

  24. Divisibility Tests for 2 3 5 9 10 - Each number has a decimal form. Based on that form, we have rules for recognizing when a whole number is divisible by when of the divisors 2, 3, 5, 9 and 10.

  25. Divisibility Tests for 2 3 5 9 10 Examples - which are the numbers 45, 55, 31, 4 and 369 are multiples of 2, 3, 5, 9 10. Divisibility rules and remainder arithmetic are applied.

  26. Divisibility by 2 3 5 Examples. Test numbers 560, 382, 184, 962, 866 and 118 for divisibility by 2, 3 or 5.

  27. Divisibility by 2, 3, 6, 5, 9 , 10 and 100 Questions. Calculate the remainders of the numbers of the numbers 242, 1500, 173, 180, 37 and 600 on division by 2, 3, 6, 5, 9 , 10 and 100

Bookmark this page

Road Safety Messages. First Question: When and why should you face traffic?

More Site Folders and Pages

Parents: Help your child or teen learn:

Parent-friendly Work Booklets for ages 3+ to 13 Use these or others to check or build skills.

Mathematics Skills For Ages 3 to 14

Skills with take home value

Basic skills include time-date-calendar Matters; money matters; map, plan and scale diagram matters;counting, measuring and figuring; decision making with logic and likelyhood; being careful and being aware of the domino effect of mistakes; reading and writing with precision.

Is your child able to add, subtract and multiply amounts of money, work with fractions, work with clocks and calendars, work with maps and plans, and measure length, weight-mass and volume? Schools may promote your son or daughter without providing basic skills in reading, writing and arithmetic.

Arithmetic and Number Theory Skills

Algebra Starter Lessons

1 Working With Sets
2 Formula Forward Use - Evaluation
3 Solving Linear Equations - Skip first step with students able to solve 1 eqn in 1 unknown.
4 Computation Rules and Function Notation
5 Real Numbers
6 More Less Greater Than Inequalities and Comparison
7 Axioms Logic and Equivalent Equations
8 Unifying Theme For Algebra
9 Proportionality Backwards and Forwards
10 Examples of Algebraic Reasoning
A Origins of Counting and Figuring Methods
B Real Numbers Extrinsic Development


Site coverage of formuala evaluation format, of computation rules and axioms, and of the forward and backward use of formulas and proportionality relations lessens the amount of natural talent needed to understand and explain algebra.

Geometry - maps plans trigonometry vectors

1 Maps Plans Measurement
2 Euclidean Geometry - Constructions + extras
3 Cartesian and Polar Coordinates
4 Lines and Slopes Take 1
5 What is Similarity
6 Trigonometry first steps
7 Complex Numbers
8 Unit-Circle Trigonometry
9 Lines and Slopes Take 2 with tangent function
10 Intersecting Straight Lines and Transversals
11 Parallel Straight Lines and Transversals
12 Function Translating and Rescaling
13 Vectors
14 Degrees to Radians and Radians to Degrees
15 Arc or Inverse Trigonometric Function

Pre-Teen and young teen mastery of skills and practices which should be common with map-plans-diagrams drawn to scale, contour interpretation included, has actual or potential take-home value for daily- and adult-life in solving routine problems. Elevating some practices to principles, axioms or postualates, provides a base for analytic and Euclidean geometry, an analytic view of similarity, and an efficient mastery of trigonometry and complex numbers. Right triangle trigonometry provide an analytic alternative to solving geometric problems by drawing diagrams to scale.

More Algebra

Natural-Logarithms Exponentials Powers Roots
Five Polynomial Operations
Quadratics Geometrically
Functions
5 Factored Polynomial Sign Analysis Examples
Rewriting algebraic substitution as function substitutions

The first topic leads to a full high school level theory for the forward and backward mastery of growth and decay models and for definition, range and domains of radicals, roots and powers. The next two topics make quadratics and polynomials easier to learn and teach. Site coverage of functions turns vertical and horizontal line rules into computation methods for evaluating functions.

70 Calculus Starter Lessons


Return to Page Top

Location: Site Entrance < Arithmetic and Number Theory Skills << 4 Remainder Arithmetic and Divisibility


Logic-Reason for all
Careful Thinking
Chains of Reason
Mathematical Induction
Responsibility
Bodies-of-Knowledge

Arithmetic - Ages 10+
1. Deciml Place Value - fun
2. Decimals for Tutors
3. Prime Factors - quickly
4. Fractions + Ratios
5. Arith with units - science

Geometry
1 Maps + Plans Use
2 Euclidean Geometry
3 Rct +Polr Coordinates
4 Lines-Slopes [I]
5. What is Similarity
Algebra Starters - the base
1. Better Work Format
2. Solve Linear Eqns
3. Computation Rules
4. Axioms, Item 3 Viewpnt
5. Formulas Backwards
More Algebra
Logarithms-ax & m/nth roots
Five Polynomial Operations
Quadratics Geometrically
Functions || Vectors too
Arith. Skill Check+Answers
Calculus Prep/Preview
What is a Variable
Why study slopes
Why factor polynomials
Complex Numbers
Limits + Continuity

All trademarks and copyrights in this are owned by their respective owners.
Copyright to comments & contributions are owned by the Poster.
The Rest © 1995-2011, by site author, Alan Selby, Ph. D., Montreal,
All Rights Reserved --- Skype or Email to contact.